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Pubertal gynecomastia.

Carmen Lazala1, Paul Saenger

  • 1Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM
|May 17, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Gynecomastia, a benign breast enlargement in males, often occurs during puberty due to hormone imbalance. Most cases resolve naturally, but persistent cases may require surgical intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Male Reproductive Health

Background:

  • Gynecomastia is the benign enlargement of male breast glandular tissue.
  • Pubertal gynecomastia results from a transient estrogen-estrogen imbalance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the evaluation and management of pubertal gynecomastia.
  • To emphasize the benign nature and typical resolution of this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation and hormonal profiles.
  • Guidance on laboratory evaluation including testosterone, estradiol, and gonadotropins.
  • Consideration of karyotype for specific pubertal cases.

Main Results:

  • Pubertal gynecomastia commonly resolves by age 18 with normalized hormone ratios.
  • Laboratory tests aid in evaluating persistent or atypical cases.
  • Surgical intervention is reserved for persistent pubertal gynecomastia post-puberty.

Conclusions:

  • Sympathetic reassurance is the primary management for most pubertal gynecomastia cases.
  • Persistent pubertal gynecomastia in late puberty may warrant surgical consideration.
  • Understanding hormonal dynamics is key to managing male breast enlargement.

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