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Pulmonary cryptococcosis: CT and pathologic findings.

Steven E Zinck1, Ann N Leung, Michael Frost

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
|May 23, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Pulmonary cryptococcosis often presents as nodules on CT scans, especially in immunocompromised individuals. This fungal infection requires consideration in the differential diagnosis of lung nodules.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Pulmonary cryptococcosis is a fungal infection affecting the lungs.
  • It can occur in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals.
  • Understanding its imaging and pathological features is crucial for diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the computed tomography (CT) and pathological findings associated with pulmonary cryptococcosis.
  • To correlate imaging characteristics with histopathological evidence.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of CT scans from 11 patients diagnosed with pulmonary cryptococcosis.
  • Evaluation of imaging for parenchymal abnormalities, lymphadenopathy, and pleural effusion.
  • Review of lung pathology specimens from biopsies and resections by a dedicated pathologist.

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Main Results:

  • Pulmonary nodules were the most frequent CT finding (91%), appearing as solitary or multiple lesions.
  • Associated CT findings included masses, the CT halo sign, and consolidation.
  • Histopathology revealed ground-glass opacities around nodules, corresponding to macrophage and fluid collections.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary cryptococcosis should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with pulmonary nodules, with or without the CT halo sign.
  • The likelihood is increased in immunocompromised patients.
  • Radiological and pathological findings aid in diagnosing this fungal infection.