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Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Use of Interferon-γ Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay to Characterize Novel T-cell Epitopes of Human Papillomavirus
13:41

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HIV-1 polymorphism: a challenge for vaccine development - a review

M G Morgado1, M L Guimarães, B Galvão-Castro

  • 1Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brasil. mmorgado@ioc.fiocruz.br

Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
|May 23, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Developing effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) vaccines faces challenges due to virus complexity and genetic diversity. This review highlights South American HIV-1 strains and advocates for developing country involvement in vaccine evaluation.

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