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Bioreactor design studies for a hydrogen-producing bacterium.

Edward J Wolfrum1, Andrew S Watt

  • 1National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA. ed_wolfrum@nrel.gov

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
|May 23, 2002
PubMed
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Researchers identified bacteria that convert carbon monoxide (CO) and water into hydrogen (H2) via the water-gas shift reaction. Reactor design and operating conditions were optimized for efficient H2 production at ambient temperatures.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Microorganisms can metabolize carbon monoxide (CO) and water to produce hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide through the water-gas shift reaction.
  • The National Renewable Energy Laboratory has isolated bacteria capable of performing this reaction at ambient temperatures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure the rate of CO conversion and H2 production using these bacteria in a trickle-bed reactor (TBR).
  • To investigate the impact of reactor parameters on the efficiency of the water-gas shift reaction.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments were conducted in a trickle-bed reactor (TBR) to measure CO conversion and H2 production rates.
  • The influence of liquid recirculation rate and reactor support material on the mass transfer coefficient was analyzed.

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  • A reactor model was employed to compare TBR performance across different scales.

    • Main Results:

    • The liquid recirculation rate and reactor support material significantly affected the mass transfer coefficient, a key factor in reactor performance.
    • Quantitative comparison using a reactor model showed good agreement between two different TBR size scales.
    • Optimized conditions led to efficient hydrogen production from carbon monoxide.

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully demonstrated and quantified hydrogen production from carbon monoxide using microbial water-gas shift reaction in a TBR.
    • Reactor design parameters, specifically liquid recirculation and support material, are critical for optimizing mass transfer and overall efficiency.
    • The findings support the scalability of this biotechnological approach for sustainable hydrogen generation.