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Prostate specific antigen as tumor marker: relationship with histologic grading.
A Xess1, M Singh, K H Raghwendra
1Department of Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sheikhpura, Patna.
Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|May 25, 2002
Summary
Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels are crucial for prostate cancer diagnosis. Elevated PSA in patients with suspected tumors correlates with histologic findings, aiding in differentiating benign prostatic hyperplasia from adenocarcinoma.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Urology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a key biomarker in oncology.
- PSA testing significantly impacts prostate cancer management and diagnosis.
- Accurate interpretation of PSA levels is vital for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the correlation between serum PSA levels and histologic findings in patients with suspected prostate tumors.
- To assess the diagnostic utility of PSA in differentiating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BHP), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and prostate adenocarcinoma.
Main Methods:
- Collected 395 serum samples from patients with clinically suspected prostate tumors.
- Measured serum PSA levels for all samples.
- Correlated elevated PSA levels with subsequent histologic examination results.
Main Results:
- Among 98 cases with elevated PSA, 42 (42.8%) were diagnosed with BHP, with 78.7% having PSA levels under 10 ng/ml.
- Five patients (5.1%) had PIN, with most showing PSA levels under 10 ng/ml or up to 20 ng/ml.
- Fifty-one (52%) cases were adenocarcinoma, with PSA levels ranging from <10 ng/ml to >50 ng/ml, generally correlating with tumor grade.
Conclusions:
- Serum PSA levels show a correlation with histologic findings in suspected prostate cancer.
- PSA testing aids in distinguishing between BHP, PIN, and prostate adenocarcinoma.
- PSA levels vary significantly across different prostate pathologies, offering diagnostic value.