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Studies on gastrointestinal tract functional changes in diabetic animals.
1National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India. anjaneyulum@rediffmail.com
Summary
Diabetic patients often experience gastrointestinal issues like diarrhea due to altered receptor activity. This study found increased intestinal transit and decreased tone linked to cholinergic and beta-adrenergic receptor changes in diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Gastrointestinal (GI) complications, including diarrhea and constipation, are common in diabetic patients.
- These GI disorders are often attributed to altered innervation and receptor systems within the GI tract in diabetes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate functional changes in cholinergic and beta-adrenergic receptor activities in rat ileum tissue.
- To understand the mechanisms behind GI complications in diabetes mellitus.
Main Methods:
- Utilized streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats for an 8-week study period.
- Performed in vitro functional assays on rat ileum tissue using various receptor agonists.
- Conducted in vivo charcoal meal tests in diabetic and control mice.
Main Results:
- Diabetic rat ileum showed increased maximal contraction with carbachol but no change with acetylcholine.
- Maximal relaxation responses to beta-adrenoceptor agonists (isoproterenol, salmeterol) were decreased in diabetic ileum.
- In vivo studies revealed increased intestinal transit in diabetic mice, with altered responses to atropine and salbutamol.
Conclusions:
- Functional changes in cholinergic and beta-adrenergic receptor activities contribute to GI complications in diabetes.
- Increased intestinal transit and decreased intestinal tone are key factors in diabetic diarrhea.
- Altered receptor activity in the GI tract is a significant consequence of diabetes mellitus.