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Related Experiment Videos

Intrauterine devices.

Xiao Bilian1

  • 1National Research Institute for Family Planning, No 12 Da Hui Si, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|June 4, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Copper-bearing intrauterine devices (IUDs) offer highly effective long-term contraception with a low failure rate. While risks like pelvic inflammatory disease exist, proper screening and training mitigate them. Copper IUDs are also effective for emergency contraception.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Contraception
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are a widely used method of reversible contraception globally.
  • Copper-bearing IUDs have demonstrated long-term efficacy and safety profiles.
  • Concerns regarding IUD use include pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and menstrual irregularities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the worldwide utilization of intrauterine devices (IUDs) for contraception.
  • To assess the long-term contraceptive efficacy and safety of copper-bearing IUDs.
  • To discuss risks associated with IUD use and preventive measures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on intrauterine device use, efficacy, and safety.
  • Analysis of failure rates for specific copper IUD models (TCu380A, Multiload Cu375).
  • Discussion of factors contributing to pelvic inflammatory disease risk and mitigation strategies.

Main Results:

  • Copper IUDs, such as TCu380A and Multiload Cu375, exhibit very low failure rates (0.2-0.5%) over a 10-year period.
  • Levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs offer high contraceptive efficacy and reduce menstrual blood loss.
  • Copper IUDs are highly effective for emergency contraception, preventing over 95% of unwanted pregnancies within 5 days of intercourse.

Conclusions:

  • Copper IUDs are a safe and highly effective long-term contraceptive method.
  • Preventive measures, including careful user screening and adequate training, can minimize risks such as pelvic inflammatory disease.
  • The copper IUD is a leading option for emergency contraception.

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