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A new source for cardiovascular tissue engineering: human bone marrow stromal cells.

Alexander Kadner1, Simon P Hoerstrup, Gregor Zund

  • 1Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Raemistrasse 100, CH 8091 Zurich, Switzerland. alexander.kadner@chi.usz.ch

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery : Official Journal of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
|June 6, 2002
PubMed
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Marrow stromal cells (MSC) can form cardiovascular tissue with extracellular matrix comparable to vascular cells. This suggests MSC are a promising, less invasive cell source for cardiovascular tissue engineering.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Vascular-derived cells are traditionally used for cardiovascular tissue engineering.
  • Harvesting vascular structures for cell isolation is invasive.
  • Marrow stromal cells (MSC) offer a less invasive alternative due to their differentiation potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of using human MSC for cardiovascular tissue engineering.
  • To evaluate MSC differentiation and extracellular matrix production on bioabsorbable scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Human MSC were isolated from bone marrow and cultured.
  • MSC were seeded onto bioabsorbable polymers and cultured in vitro.
  • Cell characterization and tissue formation were assessed using flow cytometry, histology, electron microscopy (TEM, SEM), and biochemical assays.

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Main Results:

  • Isolated MSC exhibited fibroblast-like morphology with myofibroblast-like characteristics (alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin positive).
  • Layered tissue formation with extracellular matrix deposition (collagen I and III) was observed on scaffolds.
  • Engineered constructs showed comparable extracellular matrix protein amounts to vascular-derived cell constructs.

Conclusions:

  • MSC demonstrate myofibroblast-like characteristics suitable for tissue engineering.
  • MSC can form functional tissue on bioabsorbable scaffolds with significant extracellular matrix production.
  • MSC represent a promising and potentially less invasive cell source for cardiovascular tissue engineering applications.