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Sensitization: its role in primary headache.

Lars Bendtsen¹

¹Copenhagen Headache Research Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. bendtsen@dadlnet.dk

Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs (London, England : 2000)

|June 11, 2002

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Sensitization of nerve cells in the central nervous system (CNS) may drive common headaches like migraine and tension-type headache. New drugs targeting this sensitization show promise for better headache treatments.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Pain Research
Headache Pathophysiology

Background:

Migraine and tension-type headaches are primary headache disorders with complex, incompletely understood pathophysiology.
Current research suggests increased nociceptive input to the central nervous system (CNS) may be involved.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the role of neuronal sensitization in the pathophysiology of primary headaches.
To evaluate the potential of targeting sensitization for improved headache treatment.

Main Methods:

Review of recent animal and human studies on headache mechanisms.
Analysis of the role of peripheral sensory afferent activation and CNS neuronal sensitization.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

Increased nociceptive input may lead to activation or sensitization of peripheral sensory afferents.

Sensitization of second- and third-order neurons in the CNS appears to play a role in headache initiation and maintenance.

Established headache medications may exert effects by reducing sensitization.

Conclusions:

Neuronal sensitization is a likely key mechanism in the pathophysiology of migraine and tension-type headache.
Developing drugs that counteract sensitization represents a promising therapeutic strategy for prevalent headache disorders.