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Measurements of ATP in mammalian cells
Giovanni Manfredi1, Lichuan Yang, Carl D Gajewski
1Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 East 68th Street, A-505, New York, USA. gim2004@mail.med.cornell.edu
Abstract:
Levels of phosphorylated adenosine nucleotides, including the universal energy carrier adenosine 5(')-triphosphate (ATP) and its metabolites adenosine 5(')-diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine 5(')-monophosphate (AMP), define the energy state in living cells and are dependent mainly on mitochondrial function. In this article, we describe a method based on the luciferase-luciferin system used to measure mitochondrial ATP synthesis continuously in permeabilized mammalian cells and mitochondria isolated from animal tissues. We also describe a technique that uses the expression of recombinant targeted luciferase to report ATP content in different cell compartments. Finally, we describe an HPLC-based method for accurate measurement of ATP, ADP, and AMP in cultured cells and animal tissues.