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Lessons learned from Shuttle/Mir: psychosocial countermeasures.

Nick Kanas1, Vyacheslav Salnitskiy, Ellen M Grund

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, USA. nick21@itsa.ucsf.edu

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
|June 12, 2002
PubMed
Summary

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Future long-duration space missions require psychosocial countermeasures to maintain crew performance and well-being. This study suggests selection, training, and ongoing support strategies to mitigate interpersonal challenges in spaceflight.

Area of Science:

  • Space exploration
  • Human factors in aerospace
  • Psychosocial health

Background:

  • Long-duration space missions necessitate countermeasures for psychosocial issues impacting crew performance.
  • Understanding and mitigating psychosocial challenges is crucial for astronaut well-being and mission success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate psychosocial issues in a joint US-Russian space program.
  • To develop and suggest psychosocial countermeasures for future manned space missions.

Main Methods:

  • Study involved 5 US astronauts, 8 Russian cosmonauts, and 58 mission control personnel from the Shuttle/Mir program.
  • Evaluated psychosocial factors including group tension, cohesion, leadership, and emotional displacement.

Main Results:

Keywords:
NASA Discipline Space Human FactorsNASA Experiment Number 9401628Non-NASA Center

Related Experiment Videos

  • Findings highlight the importance of addressing psychosocial dynamics in spaceflight.
  • Identified key areas for intervention to improve crew and ground support interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Crew selection should prioritize compatibility and communication skills alongside psychopathology screening.
  • Comprehensive training, ongoing monitoring, and post-mission support are essential for managing psychosocial challenges.
  • Interventions should include individual and team strategies, addressing leisure time and family support.