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Wine, biodiversity, technology, and antioxidants.

Fulvio Mattivi1, Christian Zulian, Giorgio Nicolini

  • 1Agricultural Institute of San Michele (IASMA), 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy. fulvio.mattivi@mail.ismaa.it

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|June 21, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Grape variety significantly impacts flavonoid levels and distribution in red grapes, influencing wine

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Advanced LC-IMS-MS Protocol for Holistic Metabolite Analysis in Wine and Grape Samples.

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Area of Science:

  • Enology and Viticulture
  • Food Chemistry
  • Plant Biochemistry

Background:

  • Flavonoids, including flavan-3-ols and anthocyanins, are key natural antioxidants in red grapes and wine.
  • These compounds are concentrated in grape skins and seeds, with extraction influenced by winemaking processes.
  • Understanding grape cultivar-specific phenolic profiles is crucial for optimizing wine production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the
  • phenolic potential
  • of red grapes, quantifying extractable flavonoids.
  • To investigate the influence of grape variety on flavonoid concentration and localization (skin vs. seeds).

Main Methods:

  • A selective extraction method mimicking winemaking was employed.

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  • Quantitative analysis of flavonoids was performed on 25 red grape (V. vinifera) cultivars.
  • Cultivars included global leaders and renowned Italian varieties.

    • Main Results:

    • Grape variety is a central determinant of total flavonoid content.
    • Cultivar-specific differences were observed in the distribution of flavan-3-ols between grape skins and seeds.
    • Significant biodiversity in flavonoid profiles across red grape cultivars was confirmed.

    Conclusions:

    • Red grape cultivar choice critically influences flavonoid composition and localization.
    • Exploiting this biodiversity offers opportunities for producing premium wines with tailored antioxidant levels.
    • Optimizing winemaking based on cultivar phenolic profiles can enhance wine quality and antioxidant properties.