Subperiosteal transmucosal porous ceramic/titanium implants. Clinical experience from three cases

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Oral Surgery
• Dental Implantology

Background:

• Subperiosteal transmucosal implants combine porous ceramic (Al2O3) and titanium fixtures.
• This approach aims to improve implant stability and integration in oral surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the clinical outcomes of subperiosteal transmucosal implants made of porous ceramic and titanium.
• To assess the success rate and identify complications associated with this implant type.

Main Methods:

• Three patients received porous ceramic implants with titanium fixtures in a two-stage surgical procedure.
• A healing period of 8 weeks was planned between implant placement and prosthetic post insertion.

Main Results:

• One patient experienced early implant failure due to inflammation and soft tissue breakdown, requiring removal.
• The remaining two patients developed infection and implant exposure 6-8 weeks after the second stage, necessitating removal.
• Overall, all implants were removed due to complications.

Conclusions:

• Porous ceramic and titanium subperiosteal transmucosal implants demonstrated a high failure rate in this small patient cohort.
• Complications including inflammation, infection, and tissue breakdown significantly impacted implant survival.
• Further investigation into material biocompatibility and surgical techniques is warranted for ceramic-based dental implants.