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Infant feeding practices in complex emergencies: a case study approach.

M E O'Connor1, F M Burkle, K Olness

  • 1University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, USA.

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine
|July 2, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Infant feeding emergencies in complex crises cause high child mortality, often from preventable diseases. Breastfeeding is crucial for infant survival, outweighing HIV risks in developing nations.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Complex emergencies disproportionately affect infants and children under five, with preventable diseases like malnutrition, diarrhea, and malaria being primary causes of mortality.
  • Infant feeding emergencies are a significant factor in complex humanitarian crises, directly impacting child mortality rates, particularly in refugee populations experiencing protein-energy malnutrition (PEM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current information on infant feeding in complex emergencies.
  • To provide educational tools for managing infant feeding emergencies through case studies.
  • To discuss the advantages of breastfeeding and the appropriate use of breast-milk substitutes (BMS).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of infant feeding practices in complex emergencies.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of four case studies to illustrate management strategies.
  • Review of lactation physiology, including hormones like prolactin, oxytocin, and FIL.
  • Summary of WHO and UNHCR guidelines for infant feeding and milk powder distribution.

    • Main Results:

    • Breastfeeding offers significant advantages for children up to two years of age, crucial for survival in emergency settings.
    • While breastfeeding can transmit HIV, the risk of infant mortality from malnutrition and infection is higher in non-breastfed infants in developing countries.
    • No practical medications were found to augment milk production for complex emergencies.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective infant feeding strategies are critical for reducing child mortality in complex emergencies.
    • Breastfeeding should be promoted and supported, with careful consideration of BMS use.
    • Adherence to established guidelines from organizations like WHO and UNHCR is essential for managing infant feeding in crisis situations.