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Neurocognitive functioning in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Michael David Horner1, Mark B Hamner

  • 1Mental Health Service, Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina 29401, USA. hornermd@musc.edu

Neuropsychology Review
|July 2, 2002
PubMed
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This review found that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often impairs attention and memory. However, definitive conclusions about PTSD

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with cognitive difficulties.
  • Neuropsychological test performance is a key area of investigation in PTSD research.
  • Understanding cognitive deficits in PTSD is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature on neuropsychological test performance in individuals with PTSD.
  • To summarize findings from structural and functional neuroimaging studies in PTSD.
  • To identify limitations and future research directions in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of 19 studies on neuropsychological performance in PTSD.
  • Summary of findings from structural and functional neuroimaging studies.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of potential confounding factors affecting cognitive assessments.

    • Main Results:

    • 16 out of 19 studies reported impairments in attention or immediate memory in PTSD patients.
    • Significant psychiatric comorbidity in most studies complicates the attribution of deficits solely to PTSD.
    • Neuroimaging studies suggest alterations in hippocampal volume and limbic regions in PTSD.

    Conclusions:

    • Cognitive deficits, particularly in attention and memory, are frequently observed in PTSD.
    • Confounding factors like comorbidity, medical illness, substance abuse, and motivation limit current conclusions.
    • Further research is needed to clarify the specific neurobiological underpinnings of cognitive impairments in PTSD and their relationship to neuropsychological performance.