Improving the effectiveness of continuous closed chest compressions: an exploratory study

This study was carried out to establish the length of time over which an individual can maintain effective chest compressions and the most effective pattern of rest and handover among a team. The continuing effectiveness of chest compressions was compared between groups of 2 or 3 rescuers performing chest compressions for 1, 2 or 3 min during scenarios lasting 18 min. Evaluation of the effectiveness of compressions was achieved using a computerised resuscitation manikin (Laerdal/Skillmeter) on a hospital trolley. Twenty-one volunteers competent in basic life support participated. The results were analysed using one-way analysis of variance and Dunnett's contrast of the various scenarios. The results demonstrated that a three person team delivering 1 min periods of chest compressions in rotation is significantly better than other sequences at 5 min and beyond (P<0.0001). At 18 min 91.5% of all chest compressions delivered by this three person team were greater than 70% effective. There was no significant difference between the first and final set of chest compressions.

Continuous chest compressions performed for 1 min, preferably by three rescuers in rotation, maintain a high level of effectiveness. Longer periods of chest compressions should be discouraged.