Oral health of patients with hepatitis C virus infection: a pilot study

This study examined the oral health of a cohort of hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients. In particular, the prevalence of lichen planus and xerostomia were determined. Experiences of discrimination against HCV-infected patients by their dentists were also recorded.

Forty patients infected with HCV, who were not undergoing anti-viral treatment, were examined. Patient information collected included demographic details together with patients' perception of their oral health and access to dental care since being diagnosed with hepatitis C. Both extra-oral and intra-oral examinations were conducted. Teeth present and visible caries were recorded, periodontal condition was measured using a Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need (CPITN) probe and denture fit and hygiene were assessed where appropriate. The soft tissues were examined and lichen planus diagnosed clinically. Salivary flow rates were estimated by the Salivette system.

The oral health of this cohort was poor. Eight patients had clinical evidence of oral lichen planus (OLP), although this was not confirmed histologically. The salivary flow rates were significantly lower (P < 0.001) than in previously reported healthy controls. Of the 15 (37.5%) regular dental attenders, two had encountered problems accessing dental care.

Chronic hepatitis C patients have significant oral health needs. More effective oral health education is required for both HCV-infected patients and their carers, including dental practitioners.