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Human papillomavirus: a review
Mathijs H Brentjens1, Kimberly A Yeung-Yue, Patricia C Lee
1Departments of Dermatology, Microbiology/Immunology, and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch-Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
Dermatologic Clinics
|July 18, 2002
Summary
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections often resolve naturally, but persistent cases are challenging to treat. Current therapies show promise, with immune response modifiers like imiquimod being particularly effective for anogenital lesions.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Dermatology
- Oncology
Background:
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a prevalent global health concern, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality.
- Persistent HPV infections, unlike most self-resolving cases, present therapeutic challenges.
- HPV-related diseases, including cervical cancer, necessitate ongoing research into effective management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding of HPV pathogenesis and treatment modalities.
- To evaluate the efficacy of existing therapies for HPV-related lesions.
- To explore emerging strategies, including vaccines, for HPV prevention and treatment.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on HPV infection, pathogenesis, and treatment.
- Analysis of therapeutic outcomes for conventional treatments like cryotherapy.
- Assessment of novel approaches such as immune response modifiers and vaccines.
Main Results:
- Most HPV infections resolve spontaneously; persistent infections remain difficult to treat.
- Cryotherapy is a primary treatment for nongenital warts.
- Immune response modifiers (e.g., imiquimod) show significant promise for anogenital HPV lesions, improving response rates and reducing recurrence.
- Pap smear tests have reduced cervical cancer incidence and mortality, but further prevention strategies are needed.
Conclusions:
- While many HPV infections clear on their own, persistent cases require advanced therapeutic interventions.
- Immune response modifiers represent a promising avenue for managing HPV-induced anogenital lesions.
- Vaccines targeting high-risk HPV types offer potential for both primary prevention and therapeutic applications in combating HPV-related diseases.