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Related Concept Videos

General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading01:12

General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading

Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from symmetrical bending, which are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions.
Consider a member subjected to equal and opposite forces that are applied along a line that does not coincide with the member's neutral axis. In unsymmetrical bending,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

3D Imaging of PDL Collagen Fibers during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mandibular Murine Model
09:33

3D Imaging of PDL Collagen Fibers during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mandibular Murine Model

Published on: April 15, 2021

Case report: an unorthodox orthodontic retainer.

Brian J Smith1

  • 1Unit of Restorative Dentistry, Guy's, King's & St Thomas's Dental Institute, Floor 26, Guy's Tower, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK.

The European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry
|August 1, 2002
PubMed
Summary

A long-term retainer on front teeth caused severe pain due to pulp death after ten years. This case highlights potential complications of fixed orthodontic retainers on crowned teeth.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Endodontics

Background:

  • A patient with a history of orthodontic treatment for a maxillary midline diastema presented with severe dental pain.
  • A fixed interdental eyelet-style retainer was placed ten years prior to maintain diastema closure after orthodontic treatment and crowning of the maxillary central incisors.

Observation:

  • The patient reported unbearable pain originating from the necrotic pulps of the maxillary central incisors.
  • The retainer had been in place for a decade, potentially contributing to the pulpal issues.

Findings:

  • The case report details the management of a patient experiencing pain from necrotic pulps in crowned maxillary central incisors.
  • The necrotic pulps were a consequence of a long-standing interdental eyelet-style retainer placed after orthodontic treatment.

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Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition

Published on: February 23, 2024

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model
04:11

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model

Published on: October 27, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

3D Imaging of PDL Collagen Fibers during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mandibular Murine Model
09:33

3D Imaging of PDL Collagen Fibers during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mandibular Murine Model

Published on: April 15, 2021

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition
07:32

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition

Published on: February 23, 2024

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model
04:11

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model

Published on: October 27, 2023

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of long-term monitoring for patients with fixed retainers, especially on endodontically treated or crowned teeth.
  • Dental professionals should consider potential pulpal complications associated with prolonged use of fixed orthodontic appliances.
  • Regular follow-up evaluations are crucial to detect and manage adverse effects of orthodontic retainers early.