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US and MRI of gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease
Hans-Joachim Mentzel1, Karim Kentouche, Hartwig Kosmehl
1Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Jena, Germany. hans-joachim.mentzel@med.uni-jena.de
Abstract:
Abdominal problems often complicate the clinical course after bone marrow transplantation. Graft-versus-host disease occurs as a complication of allogenic bone marrow transplantation. In this report, the findings of intestinal involvement are described and correlated with histopathological findings. Increased bowel-wall thickness and increased vascularity were shown by US. MRI demonstrated generalised increased bowel-wall thickness associated with bowel-wall enhancement after administration of i.v. gadolinium.
Insights
Abdominal issues are common after bone marrow transplants, especially graft-versus-host disease. Imaging like ultrasound and MRI can detect intestinal changes, aiding diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Radiology
- Hematology
Background:
- Abdominal complications frequently arise post-bone marrow transplantation.
- Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a known complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, often affecting the gastrointestinal tract.
Observation:
- This report details the intestinal manifestations observed in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation.
- The study correlates imaging findings with histopathological results to understand the extent of intestinal involvement.
Findings:
- Ultrasound (US) revealed increased bowel-wall thickness and vascularity.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) demonstrated generalized bowel-wall thickening and enhancement post-intravenous gadolinium administration.
Implications:
- These imaging findings can aid in the early detection and diagnosis of intestinal GVHD.
- Integrating imaging and histopathology provides a comprehensive approach to managing post-transplant abdominal complications.