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Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Escherichia coli strains from a turkey operation
Sean F Altekruse1, François Elvinger, Kyung-Yul Lee
1Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Rockville, MD 20895, USA.
Objective:
To measure minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 17 antimicrobials for Escherichia coli isolates from a turkey operation and assess whether small samples provide precise estimates of geometric mean MIC.
Design:
Prospective study.
Sample Population:
105 clinical isolates from birds and 1,104 fecal isolates from 20 flocks (poults and finisher hens).
Procedure:
A Mueller-Hinton broth dilution panel was used to measure MIC, and MIC of fecal and clinical isolates were compared. We drew random samples of 5,10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45 isolates from each finisher flock and between 100 and 105 isolates from 5, 7, 10, and 20 flocks. Antimicrobial usage was determined for enrolled flocks.
Results:
Six of 12 poult and 18 of 20 finisher flocks had been treated with antimicrobials, often for respiratory illnesses consistent with colibacillosis. All birds received gentamicin at the hatchery. More fecal than clinical isolates were resistant to ampicillin; however, more clinical isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and sulfamethoxazole. Precise estimates of geometric mean MIC for flocks were obtained when > or = 15 fecal isolates were obtained per flock and, for the operation, when 105 isolates were obtained from > or = 7 flocks.
Conclusion And Clinical Relevance:
Antimicrobial usage was common and may have contributed to the resistance patterns of isolates. With a modest allocation of laboratory resources, producers can monitor antimicrobial susceptibilities of clinical and fecal E coli to manage risks of antimicrobial usage and resistance.