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Current concepts in neurocritical care.

Brenda G Fahy1, Vadivelu Sivaraman

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland Medical System, 22 S. Greene Street, Suite S11C00, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. bfahy@anesthesia.ummc.umaryland.edu

Anesthesiology Clinics of North America
|August 9, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Neurocritical care advances now include targeted therapies for acute ischemic stroke using tissue plasminogen activator. Management strategies for subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury are detailed, focusing on preventing secondary damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurocritical care
  • Neurology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Past neurocritical care relied heavily on supportive therapies.
  • Significant advancements have been made in therapeutic interventions and monitoring.
  • Four critical neurological conditions are the focus: stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current concepts in neurocritical care.
  • To highlight advancements in treatment and monitoring for major neurological emergencies.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of managing stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, TBI, and SCI.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current therapeutic interventions.
  • Discussion of advanced monitoring modalities.

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  • Detailed examination of management protocols for specific neurological conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Acute ischemic stroke can now be treated with tissue plasminogen activator under specific criteria.
    • Subarachnoid hemorrhage management, including cerebral vasospasm, is elaborated.
    • Strategies for preventing secondary injury in traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury are presented.

    Conclusions:

    • Modern neurocritical care incorporates targeted therapies and advanced monitoring.
    • Effective management of neurological emergencies requires addressing specific conditions and preventing secondary injury.
    • Understanding and mitigating medical complications is crucial for improving patient outcomes in neurocritical care.