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Aphasia in multiple sclerosis.

H Erdem1, E Stålberg, I Cağlar

  • 1Department of Neurology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Medical Faculty, Samsun, Turkey. hacererdem@superonline.com

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences
|August 9, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Aphasia is a rare symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). This report details a case where MS caused global aphasia during an exacerbation, with MRI showing large lesions.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Speech and Language Pathology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Aphasia, a disorder of language, is an uncommon manifestation of MS.
  • Understanding rare neurological presentations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with sudden onset of purely global aphasia during a suspected multiple sclerosis exacerbation.
  • Clinical examination revealed significant language deficits.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to investigate the neurological event.

Findings:

  • MRI revealed giant demyelinating plaques in the left frontal and parietal lobes.
  • These lesions mimicked a cerebral tumor.

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  • Surrounding oedematous changes were noted, indicative of active inflammation.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights that global aphasia can be a presenting symptom of multiple sclerosis exacerbation.
    • The MRI findings underscore the potential for MS lesions to mimic other serious neurological conditions like brain tumors.
    • Increased awareness among clinicians is needed to consider MS in the differential diagnosis of aphasia, especially with characteristic imaging findings.