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Related Experiment Videos

Modeling rabbit temporomandibular joint torques during a power stroke.

C G Widmer1, A W English, D I Carrasco

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, University of Florida, College of Dentistry, Gainesville 32610-444, USA. widmer@dental.ufl.edu

The Angle Orthodontist
|August 10, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Changes in mandibular form after orthognathic surgery can significantly alter temporomandibular joint (TMJ) torques. Modeling reveals that even a 20% change in jaw dimensions impacts muscle forces, particularly yaw torque.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Orthodontics
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Limited understanding of how orthognathic surgery-induced mandibular form changes affect temporomandibular joint (TMJ) torques.
  • The masseter muscle comprises subregions with distinct mechanical actions, influencing jaw movement and TMJ loading.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model torques generated about the working side TMJ by rabbit masseter muscle compartments.
  • To investigate the impact of variations in mandibular dimensions (width, length, height) on these torques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized published electromyographic data to model torques from specific masseter muscle compartments.
  • Calculated torques based on forces from stimulated muscle compartments and measured mandibular lever arms relative to the TMJ center.

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  • Extended previous models to incorporate 20% increases in mandibular width, length, and height.

    • Main Results:

    • Working and balancing side masseter compartments acted as synergists for pitch torque but antagonists for roll and yaw torques.
    • A 20% increase in mandibular dimensions resulted in non-uniform changes in compartment-generated torques.
    • The posterior superficial masseter compartment exhibited the largest increase in yaw torque.

    Conclusions:

    • Mandibular form alterations can produce greater effects on TMJ torques than previously predicted by simpler force models.
    • These findings highlight the complex interplay between jaw morphology and TMJ biomechanics following orthognathic surgery.