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Related Experiment Videos

Nutritional anemia and its control.

Deeksha Kapur1, Kailash Nath Agarwal, Dev Kumari Agarwal

  • 1School of Continuing Education, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, India. kna_ped@yahoo.com

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|August 14, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Nutritional anemia is highly prevalent in India, affecting over half of young children and a vast majority of adolescent girls and pregnant women. Long-term strategies like food fortification and improved nutrition education are crucial for prevention.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health and Nutrition
  • Nutritional Epidemiology

Background:

  • Anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia, is a significant public health concern in India.
  • Available studies reveal alarmingly high prevalence rates across various age groups, including infants, toddlers, children, adolescent girls, pregnant, and lactating women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the prevalence of nutritional anemia in India.
  • To discuss the ineffectiveness of current national anemia control programs.
  • To propose evidence-based strategies for anemia prevention and control.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available studies on anemia prevalence in India.
  • Analysis of reported anemia rates across different demographics.
  • Examination of national program outcomes and international experiences.

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Main Results:

  • High anemia prevalence: 65% in infants/toddlers, 60% in 1-6 years, 88% in adolescent girls, and 85% in pregnant women.
  • Severe anemia noted in 3.3% of adolescent girls and 9.9% of pregnant women.
  • Iron deficiency is the most common cause; national programs have shown limited success.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term strategies like iron fortification of staple foods (milk, cereals, sugar, salt) are recommended, drawing from international successes.
  • Promoting iron-rich diets through nutrition education, including adequate protein, iron, folic acid, vitamin B12, A, and C, is vital.
  • Medicinal iron, folate, and potentially vitamin B12 are necessary immediate interventions, especially for early childhood anemia.