The minimum data set: predicting malnutrition in newly admitted nursing home residents

The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) among newly admitted elderly nursing home residents and identify the most significant predictors of PCM using Minimum Data Set (MDS) variables. Using a cross-sectional design, the authors studied 306 nursing home residents. Malnutrition risk factors found on the MDS were measured for each resident. Overall, 118 (38.6%) residents met the Nutrition Screening Initiative Guidelines for PCM. MDS variables found to be significant predictors were weight loss, leaves 25% or more offood uneaten at most meals, psychiatric/mood diagnoses, deteriorated ability to participate in activities of daily living. and older age. Three additional variables (antidepressant use, diuretic use, therapeutic diet) were found to be protective-residents with these variables were more likely to have a normal body mass index. MDS data provide an opportunity for early identification of residents who are at riskfor PCM and accompanying morbidity.