[Testicular microlithiasis and cancer of the testis]

The authors report the case of a patient with a history of testicular cryptorchidism followed for 4 years for infertility and who developed seminoma. Bilateral testicular microlithiasis was initially detected on ultrasonography. On the basis of this case and a review of the literature, the authors discuss the aetiopathogenesis and management of these microscopic stones in a context of cancer.