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Hazardous air pollutants and asthma.

George D Leikauf1

  • 1Center for Environmental Genetics, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056, USA. leikaugd@uc.edu

Environmental Health Perspectives
|August 27, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) may induce or worsen asthma. Aldehydes and metals are key concerns, necessitating further research into exposure and biological mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Asthma is prevalent in the US, with individuals at risk from hazardous air pollutants (HAPs).
  • Complex mixtures like particulate matter and tobacco smoke are linked to asthma exacerbations.
  • The role of ambient HAP exposure in asthma induction is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify specific HAPs that may induce or exacerbate asthma.
  • To assess the potential impact of ambient HAP exposures on asthma.
  • To recommend research directions for understanding HAP-induced asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewed 188 HAPs for potential asthma induction or exacerbation.
  • Identified 19 compounds with the highest potential impact.
  • Identified 9 additional compounds based on irritancy, respirability, or reactivity.

Main Results:

  • A list of 28 HAPs was developed with potential to impact asthma.
  • Aldehydes (acrolein, formaldehyde) and metals (nickel, chromium) were highlighted.
  • Estimated exposures suggest these compounds warrant further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Certain HAPs may play a significant role in asthma induction and exacerbation.
  • Ambient exposure to specific aldehydes and metals poses a potential health risk for asthma.
  • Further research on exposure monitoring and biological mechanisms is recommended.

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