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Salmonella prosthetic joint septic arthritis
L J Day1, Q J Qayyum, C A Kauffman
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Health System, University of Michigan Medical School, 2215 Fuller Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.
Summary
Salmonella enteritidis prosthetic joint infections are rare but serious. Successful treatment of a knee joint infection involved ceftriaxone and prosthesis component replacement, highlighting effective management strategies.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) pose significant challenges in orthopedic surgery.
- Salmonella species are uncommon pathogens in PJIs, with limited case reports available.
- Understanding the clinical presentation and treatment outcomes of Salmonella PJIs is crucial.
Observation:
- A case of Salmonella enteritidis infection in a prosthetic knee joint is presented.
- The infection was successfully treated with a 6-week course of ceftriaxone and surgical debridement with tibial component replacement.
- Literature review identified 11 additional cases of Salmonella PJIs, predominantly involving hip prostheses.
Findings:
- Early-onset (<20 days) and late-onset (>months/years) Salmonella PJIs were observed.
- Prosthesis removal combined with antibiotic therapy yielded a high cure rate (9/12 patients).
- Patients with prosthesis retention required prolonged suppressive antibiotic therapy (2/3 patients).
Implications:
- Ceftriaxone and surgical intervention are effective for Salmonella prosthetic knee joint infections.
- Aggressive surgical management, including prosthesis removal, offers the best chance for cure.
- Further research is needed to optimize treatment protocols for rare Salmonella PJIs.