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Risk coefficient for gamma-rays with regard to solid cancer.

Albrecht M Kellerer1, Linda Walsh, Elke A Nekolla

  • 1Radiobiological Institute, University of Munich, Schillerstrasse 42, 80336 Munich, Germany. AMK.SBI@LRZ.Uni-Muenchen.de

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics
|August 31, 2002
PubMed
Summary

This study estimates solid cancer risks from gamma-ray exposure, finding lower lifetime attributable risk (LAR) than UNSCEAR. The findings are crucial for radiation protection and understanding cancer development after exposure.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiation Biology
  • Cancer Epidemiology
  • Dosimetry

Background:

  • Previous work decoupled neutron cancer risk from relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and photon risk coefficients.
  • Neutron risk factors, using organ-averaged doses and RBE values of 20-50, aligned with International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) estimates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the risk coefficient for gamma-rays using the A-bomb dosimetry system (DS86).
  • To incorporate an improved treatment of neutron risk into the gamma-ray risk assessment.
  • To compare findings with recent United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Ionizing Radiation (UNSCEAR) estimates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the A-bomb dosimetry system (DS86) for gamma-ray risk assessment.
  • Incorporated a revised method for calculating neutron risk coefficients.

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  • Employed both age at exposure and attained age models for risk projection.
  • Calculated lifetime attributable risk (LAR) for solid cancer mortality.

    • Main Results:

    • The central estimate for lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of solid cancer mortality is 0.043/Gy for a working population (ages 25-65).
    • Estimates for a population of all ages were 0.042/Gy (attained age model) and 0.068/Gy (age at exposure model).
    • These estimates, excluding a dose and dose rate effectiveness factor (DDREF), are approximately half of the new UNSCEAR estimates.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides updated estimates for solid cancer risk from gamma-ray exposure.
    • Differences with UNSCEAR estimates are partly due to explicit neutron treatment and differing methods for converting excess relative risk (ERR) to LAR.
    • The findings suggest a need for continued refinement in radiation risk assessment methodologies.