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Isolation, Transfection, and Culture of Primary Human Monocytes
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Human monocyte response to retrieved polymethylmethacrylate particles

Masatsugu Miyaguchi1, Akio Kobayashi, Hiroyoshi Iwaki

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Medical School, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan. m-gucci@juno.ocn.ne.jp

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|September 5, 2002
PubMed

Insights

This study compared polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particles from hip implants to commercial ones. Retrieved PMMA particles were larger and rougher, eliciting a different immune response in human monocytes.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Immunology
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is widely used in orthopedic implants, particularly for total hip arthroplasties.
  • Understanding the characteristics of retrieved PMMA particles and their biological interactions is crucial for improving implant longevity and patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare retrieved PMMA particles from failed total hip arthroplasties with commercially available PMMA particles.
  • To analyze differences in particle size, shape, and their effect on human monocyte inflammatory response.

Main Methods:

  • PMMA particles were isolated from peri-implant tissues of failed hip arthroplasties using tissue digestion and sucrose density gradient.
  • Commercial PMMA particles (prepolymerized cement powder and barium sulfate-free powder) were used for comparison.
  • Human monocytes were exposed to PMMA particles, and cytokine release (TNF-α, IL-6) was measured via ELISA.

Main Results:

  • Retrieved PMMA particles were significantly larger (1.24 µm) and more irregular in shape and surface roughness compared to commercial particles (0.83-0.87 µm).
  • All PMMA particle types stimulated cytokine release, but commercial particles induced a stronger release of TNF-α and IL-6 at high doses.
  • Differences in monocyte response may be attributed to particle volume, in-situ surface chemistry alterations, and surface morphology variations.

Conclusions:

  • Retrieved PMMA particles exhibit distinct morphological characteristics compared to new particles.
  • The inflammatory response of human monocytes to PMMA particles is influenced by particle properties and dose.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying the observed differences in biological response.

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