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Head and neck malignancy statistics at Kitasato University
Makito Okamoto1, Hiroomi Takahashi, Kazuo Yao
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan. okamotom@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp
Acta Oto-Laryngologica. Supplementum
|September 6, 2002
Summary
Head and neck (H&N) cancer incidence is rising, with squamous cell carcinoma being most common. Early detection and public health initiatives addressing smoking and alcohol are crucial for improving survival rates.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Head and neck (H&N) cancer patient numbers and age-adjusted morbidity have steadily increased over 30 years.
- The population of Sagamihara city has also grown concurrently.
- Pharyngeal, laryngeal, and oral cavity cancers are the predominant H&N malignancies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in H&N malignancies over 30 years.
- To identify key challenges and propose strategies for reducing H&N cancer mortality in Japan.
- To project future H&N cancer patient numbers.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of H&N cancer patient data from a university hospital over 30 years.
- Examination of incidence, morbidity rates, pathological diagnoses, and survival rates.
- Population growth and future patient number projections based on current trends.
Main Results:
- Annual new H&N patient registrations reached approximately 120, with age-adjusted morbidity increasing from 7.06 to 10.55 per 100,000 citizens.
- Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent diagnosis, followed by malignant lymphoma.
- The overall 5-year crude survival rate was 50%.
Conclusions:
- Improving survival rates for oral cavity, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinus cancers is essential to decrease H&N cancer deaths in Japan.
- Early detection through clinical examination and public education on reducing smoking and alcohol consumption are vital.
- H&N cancer patient numbers are projected to triple by 2050 due to an aging population.