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Capillary embolization using ethiodol-ethanol for complete renal ablation in Swine
Andras Konya1, Kenneth C Wright
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA. akonya@mdanderson.org
Investigative Radiology
|September 10, 2002
Summary
A two-phase embolization technique using Ethiodol-ethanol mixture (EEM) and coil occlusion achieved permanent renal artery occlusion and complete ablation in porcine kidneys. Simple EEM injections alone resulted in recanalization.
Area of Science:
- Interventional Radiology
- Nephrology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Renal artery embolization is used for various conditions.
- Achieving permanent occlusion and complete ablation is crucial for effective treatment.
- Current methods may have limitations in achieving complete and permanent results.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of a superselective 1:1 Ethiodol-ethanol mixture (EEM) embolization technique for complete nephrectomy in porcine kidneys.
- To compare a two-phase embolization approach with sequential EEM injections alone.
Main Methods:
- Porcine kidneys underwent embolization using a microcatheter with a 1:1 Ethiodol-ethanol mixture (EEM).
- Group 1 received sequential segmental EEM injections.
- Group 2 underwent EEM embolization combined with absolute ethanol and coil placement during balloon occlusion.
Main Results:
- Sequential EEM injections (Group 1) led to recanalization in most cases.
- The two-phase technique (Group 2) achieved complete renal artery occlusion without recanalization.
- Histological examination in Group 2 showed total ablation in four kidneys.
Conclusions:
- A two-phase technique combining EEM, ethanol, and coil occlusion during balloon occlusion provides permanent arterial occlusion and complete renal ablation.
- Sequential EEM injections alone are insufficient for permanent capillary embolization.