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Decrease of specific and total IgE levels in allergic patients after BCG vaccination: preliminary report.

Giovanni P Cavallo1, Mariateresa Elia, Daniela Giordano

  • 1Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Clinica, I Clinica Otorinolaringoiatrica, University of Turin, Via Genova No. 3, 10126 Turin, Italy. mt.eli@virgilio.it

Archives of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery
|September 11, 2002
PubMed
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BCG vaccination significantly reduced allergic rhinitis markers, including total and allergen-specific IgE levels, in allergic individuals. This suggests BCG may modulate immune responses relevant to allergic conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research

Background:

  • Mycobacterial infections and BCG vaccination can shift T helper cell balance towards Th1.
  • BCG vaccination has been linked to reduced atopic symptoms and allergic responses in some studies.
  • Animal models show BCG vaccination can inhibit allergic responses and airway hyperreactivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of BCG vaccination on the serological markers of allergy.
  • To evaluate changes in IgE levels following BCG vaccination in individuals with allergic rhinitis.

Main Methods:

  • 20 volunteers with allergic rhinitis underwent mandatory BCG vaccination.
  • Epicutaneous allergy testing and blood samples were collected before and 4 months after vaccination.
  • Serum total IgE and allergen-specific IgE levels were measured using radioimmunoassays.

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Main Results:

  • BCG vaccination led to a statistically significant decrease in total IgE levels (P =.004).
  • Allergen-specific IgE levels also showed a significant reduction post-vaccination (P <.001).

Conclusions:

  • BCG vaccination demonstrates potential in modulating immune responses associated with allergic rhinitis.
  • Further research is warranted to explore BCG's role in managing allergic conditions.
  • BCG's ability to stimulate cell-mediated immunity may be key to its immunomodulatory effects in allergies.