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Bone and celiac disease.

M L Bianchi1, M T Bardella

  • 1Bone Metabolic Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano-IRCCS Via Ludovico Ariosto, 13, 20145, Milan, Italy. ml.bianchi@auxologico.it

Calcified Tissue International
|September 17, 2002
PubMed
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Celiac disease, an immune response to gluten, frequently causes bone loss. A gluten-free diet is crucial for bone health, especially in children, but its effectiveness in adults with osteoporosis remains unclear.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Celiac disease is an immune-mediated intestinal disorder triggered by gluten in susceptible individuals.
  • It is more prevalent than previously thought, with diagnosis often challenging due to variable symptoms.
  • Bone alterations, including decreased bone mass and metabolic derangements, are common extra-intestinal manifestations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical findings on bone problems associated with celiac disease.
  • To highlight the complex pathogenesis of bone involvement beyond simple malabsorption.
  • To emphasize the importance of the gluten-free diet in managing bone health in celiac patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and epidemiological data on celiac disease and bone alterations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of current understanding of the pathogenesis of bone involvement.
  • Evaluation of the impact of gluten-free diet and other therapies on bone metabolism.

    • Main Results:

    • Bone mass decrease and metabolic derangement are frequent in celiac disease, sometimes being the only sign.
    • Pathogenesis involves complex interactions of cytokines and local/systemic factors, not just nutrient deficiency.
    • A lifelong gluten-free diet is the primary therapy, restoring bone metabolism in many cases, particularly in the young.

    Conclusions:

    • A gluten-free diet is essential for managing bone health in celiac disease.
    • Early intervention with a gluten-free diet can lead to satisfactory bone mass recovery in children.
    • In adults, the efficacy of standard osteoporosis therapies for fracture risk reduction in celiac disease requires further investigation.