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[Bladder cancer producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF): a case report]
Touko Asano1, Shinji Morimoto, Yoshihiro Kitami
1Department of Urology, Tuchiura Kyodo General Hospital.
Hinyokika Kiyo. Acta Urologica Japonica
|September 24, 2002
Summary
A rare case of bladder cancer producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was observed. Surgical removal of the tumor normalized elevated white blood cell counts and G-CSF levels, with no cancer recurrence.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Hematology
Background:
- Bladder cancer can present with various paraneoplastic syndromes.
- Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a cytokine that stimulates granulocyte production.
Observation:
- A 76-year-old male presented with gross hematuria and marked leukocytosis.
- The patient was diagnosed with advanced bladder cancer (transitional cell carcinoma, grade 3, pT4, pN1).
- Elevated white blood cell (WBC) count and serum G-CSF levels were noted.
Findings:
- Serum G-CSF and WBC levels normalized immediately following cystectomy.
- Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed G-CSF and G-CSF receptor expression in tumor tissue.
- The patient remained cancer-free for over 23 months post-surgery without adjuvant therapy.
Implications:
- This case highlights a rare instance of bladder cancer producing G-CSF.
- Tumor-associated G-CSF production can lead to leukocytosis and paraneoplastic symptoms.
- Surgical resection may resolve G-CSF-mediated paraneoplastic effects in bladder cancer.