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Putting a price tag on children

J Roll

    Studies on Medical and Population Subjects
    |January 1, 1993
    PubMed

    Insights

    Understanding the cost of raising a child requires careful definition of expenses. This review examines various measures for child costs, from essentials to education, highlighting the need for clear assumptions in fertility theories.

    Area of Science:

    • Economics
    • Demography
    • Sociology

    Background:

    • The economic impact of child-rearing is a significant factor in fertility decisions.
    • Numerous measures exist to quantify child costs, but definitions and assumptions vary widely.
    • A comprehensive review of these measures is needed to inform fertility theories.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To critically review existing measures of child costs.
    • To highlight the diverse aspects and definitions of child-related expenses.
    • To emphasize the need for clarity in theoretical frameworks concerning fertility.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of existing measures for child costs.
    • Categorization of costs into babies, childcare, and children.
    • Analysis of sources ranging from popular media to official surveys.

    Main Results:

    • Child costs encompass a wide range of expenses, from initial essentials to long-term education.
    • Existing measures often lack clearly stated assumptions and definitions.
    • Historical data from a 1946 UK survey provides context for cost analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • Fertility theories must explicitly define the 'cost of a child' they employ.
    • Greater transparency regarding the assumptions behind cost measures is crucial.
    • A nuanced understanding of child costs is essential for accurate demographic and economic modeling.

    Keywords:
    Age FactorsBehaviorChild Care--costChild RearingChild WorthChild--costDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesEconomic FactorsEducationEuropeMeasurementMicroeconomic FactorsNorthern EuropePopulationPopulation CharacteristicsResearch MethodologySchools--costUnited KingdomYouth

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