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Labour force and changing age structure in selected developed countries: a comparative study.

K S Gnanasekaran, K Fujikawa

    Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
    |January 1, 1990
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Population aging and shifts in age structure positively impacted labor force participation rates in the US, Canada, and Japan. Female labor force rates significantly increased, converging with male rates during the 1960s and 1970s.

    Area of Science:

    • Demography
    • Labor Economics
    • Sociology

    Background:

    • Examining the influence of demographic shifts on labor markets is crucial for economic policy.
    • Understanding historical trends in labor force participation provides insights into societal changes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the impact of demographic aging and changing age structures on labor force participation.
    • To investigate the specific role of female labor force dynamics in these trends.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of labor force data from the United States, Canada, and Japan.
    • Examination of demographic trends and age structure changes from 1950 to 1980.

    Main Results:

    • Demographic aging and altered age structures generally favored higher crude labor force participation rates.
    Keywords:
    AmericasAsiaCanadaComparative StudiesDemographic AgingDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesEastern AsiaEconomic FactorsHuman ResourcesJapanLabor Force--womenNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPopulation DynamicsResearch MethodologySex FactorsStudiesUnited States

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  • A significant positive effect was observed from the female labor force, amplifying the age-related effects.
  • Female labor force participation rates surged in the 1960s and 1970s, leading to a notable convergence with male rates.

    • Conclusions:

    • Population aging and evolving age demographics have historically boosted labor force engagement.
    • The rise in female labor force participation was a key driver of increased overall labor force rates.
    • Convergence of male and female labor force participation signifies profound socioeconomic shifts.