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Climate and U.S. elderly migration rates.

W H Walters

    Papers in Regional Science : the Journal of the Regional Science Association International
    |January 1, 1994
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Climate significantly influences where elderly Americans move. Mild winters and lower incomes attract older adults, while high rents and dry summers drive them away, impacting migration patterns.

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Environmental Psychology
    • Urban Studies

    Background:

    • Understanding drivers of elderly migration is crucial for urban planning and resource allocation.
    • Previous research has explored socioeconomic and familial factors in migration, but climate's role requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the influence of climate variables on migration rates among the elderly in U.S. metropolitan areas.
    • To identify specific climatic factors associated with elderly in- and outmigration.

    Main Methods:

    • Factor analysis was employed to reduce forty climatic variables into six key factors.
    • Regression analysis was used to predict elderly inmigration and outmigration rates based on climatic and nonclimatic variables.
    Keywords:
    AdultAge FactorsAgedAmericasClimateDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesEconomic FactorsMigrationMigration, InternalNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPopulation DynamicsRural-urban MigrationSocioeconomic FactorsUnited States

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    Main Results:

    • Metropolitan areas with mild winters and lower average incomes showed higher rates of elderly inmigration.
    • Areas with high rents and clear, dry summers experienced greater elderly outmigration.
    • Findings align with the life course model of mobility and differentiate between conservative and innovating migrant types.

    Conclusions:

    • Climate is a significant, quantifiable factor in elderly migration decisions.
    • Planners and policymakers should consider climate in developing strategies for aging populations.
    • The study provides empirical support for climate-driven migration theories in gerontology.