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Exercise training improves vascular endothelial function in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Gabriele Fuchsjäger-Mayrl1, Johannes Pleiner, Günther F Wiesinger

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Diabetes Care
|September 28, 2002
PubMed
Summary

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Regular aerobic exercise training improves endothelial function in patients with type 1 diabetes. However, these vascular benefits are lost when training stops, highlighting the need for sustained physical activity.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Endocrinology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes is associated with impaired endothelial function in arteries.
  • Endothelial dysfunction is a risk factor for diabetic angiopathy.
  • The potential for exercise to improve vascular function in this population is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if regular physical training can achieve persistent improvements in endothelial function in patients with type 1 diabetes.
  • To assess vascular function in conduit and resistance arteries.

Main Methods:

  • A training group (18 patients) underwent bicycle exercise for 4 months; a control group (8 patients) did not.
  • Vascular function was measured using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and ocular fundus pulsation amplitude response to L-NMMA.

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  • Measurements were taken at baseline, after 2 and 4 months of training, and 8 months after cessation.

    • Main Results:

    • Exercise training increased peak oxygen uptake (VO2max) by 27% and improved brachial artery FMD significantly.
    • Endothelial function of resistance vessels, assessed by L-NMMA response, also improved with training.
    • These positive vascular effects were reversed 8 months after exercise cessation.

    Conclusions:

    • Aerobic exercise training effectively improves endothelial function in multiple vascular beds in patients with type 1 diabetes.
    • The benefits of exercise on vascular function are not maintained without continued training.
    • Sustained physical activity is crucial for long-term vascular health in individuals with type 1 diabetes.