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Proficiency testing for HLA-DRB high-resolution typing: a 4-year experience in Italy
I Borelli1, M E Fasano, E S Curtoni
1Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, University of Turin, Italy. iolanda.borelli@unito.it
Summary
Proficiency testing for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II typing showed that allele reporting errors decreased with collaborative discussions. However, technical performance varied, indicating that continuous collaboration is key to improving laboratory quality.
Area of Science:
- Immunogenetics
- Clinical Laboratory Science
Background:
- Proficiency testing (PT) is crucial for maintaining quality in high-resolution human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing.
- Collaborative PT programs aim to standardize and improve laboratory performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the results of a four-year collaborative Italian PT program for HLA class II high-resolution typing.
- To identify common errors and assess the impact of PT on laboratory performance.
Main Methods:
- Twenty-one Italian laboratories participated in annual PT for HLA class II (DRB1, DRB3, DRB4, DRB5) high-resolution typing.
- Errors were categorized into technical and allele reporting errors.
- Annual error lists were compiled and discussed collegially among participating laboratories.
Main Results:
- Allele reporting errors significantly diminished over the four years due to collaborative discussions.
- While 16 laboratories showed good or improved technical performance, five laboratories experienced a deterioration in results.
- Overall technical performance across all 21 laboratories did not show consistent improvement.
Conclusions:
- Proficiency testing alone is insufficient for enhancing laboratory performance.
- Continuous collaboration and mutual technical support are essential components for improving the quality of HLA typing in a group of laboratories.