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Heterotopic ossification associated with knee dislocation.

James P Stannard1, Timothy C Wilson, Todd M Sheils

  • 1Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-3295, USA. James.Stannard@ortho.uab.edu

Arthroscopy : the Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery : Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association
|October 9, 2002
PubMed
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Heterotopic ossification (HO) is common after knee dislocation, affecting 26% of cases. Severe HO occurred in 12%, leading to increased arthrofibrosis and reduced knee flexion.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Trauma Care
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Knee dislocations are severe injuries often resulting from high-energy trauma.
  • Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the formation of new bone in soft tissues, a potential complication after trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of heterotopic ossification (HO) following knee dislocation.
  • To classify the severity and location of HO after knee dislocation.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective clinical evaluation and retrospective chart review of 57 knees in 55 patients with knee dislocations.
  • Radiographic review to document incidence and degree of HO (0-4 scale).

Main Results:

  • HO developed in 26% of knee dislocations (15 of 57 knees).

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  • Severe HO (grade 3 or 4) occurred in 12% of cases.
  • Severe HO was associated with increased arthrofibrosis and borderline significant reduction in knee flexion.

    • Conclusions:

    • Heterotopic ossification is a common complication following knee dislocation.
    • Medial and posterior aspects of the knee are most frequently affected by HO.
    • HO severity did not correlate with head injury or periarticular fractures.