Pulmonary artery aneurysms developed in a family

Pulmonary artery aneurysm (PAA) is a rare condition, and its pathogenesis and clinical significance are not clearly understood. Although reports of this condition have increased, PAAs developed in a family have never been reported. We describe PAA associated with atrial septal defect in a mother and daughter. A PAA in the mother was treated by pulmonary root replacement with a Freestyle aortic root bioprosthesis. A PAA in the daughter has been followed up because of a small shunt through the defect. In addition to the increased pulmonary blood flow, congenital weakness of the PA wall must have contributed to development of PAAs in our patients.