The spectrum of vasculitis in children

The common vasculitides of childhood are more self-limited than those in adults. Clinical evidence suggests that infectious agents may have a significant role in the aetiology of these diseases although exact pathogenic mechanisms are not known. One of the most frequent of such diseases in childhood is Henoch-Schönlein purpura. The controversies regarding the management of gastrointestinal and renal disease and suggested treatments are reviewed. The limitations of current definitions for polyarteritis nodosa are discussed and a new classification tree for this disease is introduced. The definitions and classification criteria for the other major vasculitides encountered in children are also presented. Current treatment protocols for polyartertis nodosa, Wegener's granulomatosis and Behcet's disease are summarized.