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Mitochondrial abnormalities in muscle and other aging cells: classification, causes, and effects
Salvatore DiMauro1, Kurenai Tanji, Eduardo Bonilla
1Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA. sd12@columbia.edu
Muscle & Nerve
|October 29, 2002
Summary
Mitochondrial DNA mutations and dysfunction are linked to aging in the brain and muscle. While mitochondria play a key role in aging, their exact contribution as cause or effect remains debated.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Cell Biology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are implicated in aging.
- The mitochondrial theory of aging proposes a cycle of mtDNA mutation, impaired function, and oxidative damage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review evidence supporting or refuting the mitochondrial theory of aging in muscle and brain.
- To explore the link between mitochondrial aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Main Methods:
- Review of morphological, biochemical, and molecular data.
- Analysis of the proposed vicious circle in aging.
- Brief review of mitochondrial aging and neurodegeneration.
Main Results:
- Evidence for and against mtDNA mutation accumulation and ROS production in aging muscle and brain was considered.
- Mitochondrial dysfunction is strongly implicated in the aging of muscle and brain tissues.
Conclusions:
- Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant factor in aging.
- The precise role of mitochondria as a cause versus a consequence of aging requires further investigation.