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Fluorosis: is it really a problem?

William H Bowen1

  • 1Environmental Medicine, Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY 14642, USA.

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)
|October 31, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Mild dental fluorosis is common in the US due to multiple fluoride sources. While it

Area of Science:

  • Dental Public Health
  • Fluoride Toxicology

Background:

  • Historical association between mottled enamel and fluoride exposure since the early 1900s.
  • Recognition of fluoride's role in reducing caries incidence by the mid-1900s.
  • Recommended water fluoride levels of 1 part per million or less to balance protection and fluorosis risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the continued occurrence of dental fluorosis despite controlled water fluoride levels.
  • To clarify the nature of fluorosis, particularly mild forms prevalent in the United States.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical and current scientific literature on fluoride exposure and dental fluorosis.
  • Analysis of fluoride sources contributing to exposure in children.
  • Assessment of the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in the US population.

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Main Results:

  • Dental fluorosis, often mild, is not unusual in the United States.
  • Children are exposed to fluoride from various sources beyond water.
  • Severe forms of fluorosis are rare in the US.

Conclusions:

  • In most instances, dental fluorosis is a minor cosmetic issue and not a cause for significant concern.
  • Dentists play a crucial role in educating patients on optimal fluoride intake for cavity prevention.
  • Patient education should cover fluoride sources and the potential for developing fluorosis.