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Dentists, diabetes and periodontitis.

S Bjelland1, P Bray, N Gupta

  • 1Dental School, The University of Adelaide, South Australia.

Australian Dental Journal
|October 31, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Diabetes and gum disease (periodontitis) are linked, especially in poorly controlled diabetes. While good control shows similar gum disease rates to non-diabetics, severe periodontitis is more common in long-term diabetics. Periodontal therapy may not improve diabetes control.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Health
  • Endocrinology
  • Systemic Diseases

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with significant oral health implications.
  • Periodontitis, a severe gum infection, shares a complex bidirectional relationship with diabetes.
  • Poorly controlled diabetes is associated with increased risk and severity of periodontal disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of the relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis.
  • To provide guidance for general dental practitioners in identifying potential diabetes in patients.
  • To clarify the impact of periodontal therapy on long-term diabetes management.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating diabetes and periodontitis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of disease incidence and severity in relation to glycemic control.
  • Evaluation of evidence regarding the effect of periodontal treatment on diabetes control.

    • Main Results:

    • Similar periodontitis incidence is observed in well-controlled diabetics and non-diabetics.
    • Type 1 and Type 2 diabetics with poor metabolic control exhibit higher incidence and severity of periodontitis.
    • Current evidence does not support a beneficial effect of periodontal therapy on long-term diabetes control.

    Conclusions:

    • A strong association exists between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, involving intricate interactions.
    • Dental practitioners play a key role in identifying undiagnosed diabetes and managing oral health in diabetic patients.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the impact of periodontal interventions on diabetes outcomes.