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Related Experiment Videos

Making and breaking tolerance.

Pamela S Ohashi1, Anthony L DeFranco

  • 1University Health Network, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada. pohashi@uhnres.utoronto.ca

Current Opinion in Immunology
|November 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The immune system balances tolerance and autoimmunity by regulating antigen presenting cells (APCs) and self antigen levels. Innate immune signals and genetic factors can disrupt this balance, leading to autoimmune diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmunity Research
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Lymphocyte fate is crucial for immune homeostasis, determining tolerance versus immunity or autoimmunity.
  • Antigen presenting cells (APCs) maturation and self antigen detection are key regulators of this decision.
  • Breakdown of tolerance can result from dysregulated immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the regulatory mechanisms governing lymphocyte decisions between tolerance and autoimmunity.
  • To investigate the roles of antigen presenting cell maturation and self antigen levels in immune regulation.
  • To identify factors contributing to the breakdown of self-tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of antigen presenting cell (APC) maturation pathways.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation of innate immune signaling, including Toll-like receptors.
  • Examination of self antigen cross-presentation mechanisms.
  • Study of genetic alterations affecting immune cell receptors and signaling.

    • Main Results:

    • APC maturation, triggered by innate immune signals, can compromise self-tolerance.
    • Toll-like receptors and cross-presentation are significant in this process.
    • Genetic defects in cell surface receptors, signaling pathways, or apoptosis regulators can induce autoimmunity.

    Conclusions:

    • Lymphocyte tolerance is a multi-level regulated process.
    • APC maturation and self antigen recognition are critical checkpoints.
    • Genetic and innate immune factors can precipitate autoimmunity by breaking tolerance.