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The premenstrual period and exacerbations in multiple sclerosis
Anneke Zorgdrager1, Jacques De Keyser
1Department of Neurology, University Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands.
European Neurology
|November 8, 2002
Summary
The premenstrual phase is linked to multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses in some premenopausal women. This study found a significant association between the premenstrual period and MS exacerbations.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Reproductive Endocrinology
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system.
- Hormonal fluctuations, particularly during the menstrual cycle, may influence MS disease activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential association between the premenstrual period and the occurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS) exacerbations.
- To determine if hormonal changes preceding menstruation trigger relapses in women with relapsing-remitting MS.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 56 premenopausal women with relapsing-remitting MS and regular menstrual cycles was studied.
- Data on MS exacerbations and menstrual cycle phases were collected over two years using a structured database and questionnaires.
Main Results:
- 42% of patients experienced MS exacerbations beginning in the premenstrual phase.
- The incidence of premenstrual exacerbations was significantly higher compared to other cycle phases.
- For 45% of affected patients, all recorded exacerbations initiated during the premenstrual phase.
- No correlation was found with premenstrual syndrome, nor a protective effect from oral contraceptives.
Conclusions:
- The premenstrual period appears to be a trigger for MS exacerbations in a subset of premenopausal women.
- Further research into hormonal influences on MS relapses is warranted.