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Updated: Aug 26, 2026

Synthesis of Nine-atom Deltahedral Zintl Ions of Germanium and their Functionalization with Organic Groups
Published on: February 11, 2012
Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of the elusive 3a,9a-diazaperylenium dication
Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis1, Abdel-Monem M Rawashdeh, Woon Su Oh
1Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO 65409, USA. leventis@umr.edu
Abstract:
The 3a,9a-diazaperylenium dication (1) was synthesized for the first time in two steps from p-phenylene diamine. Ab initio calculations show a twisted ground state with a 6.4 degrees tilt between the two quinolizinium building blocks. Dication 1 is photoluminescent in fluid solutions of H(2)O, CH(3)CN, and CH(3)NO(2), but not in rigid matrices of the same solvents. This phenomenon has been attributed to a geometric relaxation of the tilted ground state into an emitting planar lowest singlet excited state. [structure: see text]
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